86. Umino, S., Kanayama, K., Kitamura, K., Tamura, A., Ishizuka, O., Senda, R., and Arai, S., 2018. Did boninite originate from the heterogeneous mantle with recycled ancient slab? Island Arc, 27, e12221, doi: 10.1111/iar.12221. (2018.1.12; Available online 2017.9.28) (Top cited paper in 2018-2019)

Boninites widely distributed along the western margin of the Pacific Plate extruded during the incipient stage of the subduction zone development in the early Paleogene period. This paper discusses the genetic relationships of boninite and antecedent protoarc basalt magmas and demonstrates their recycled ancient slab origin based on the T-P conditions and Pb-Hf-Nd-Os isotopic modeling. Primitive melt inclusions in chrome spinel from Ogasawara and Guam islands show severely depleted high-SiO₂, MgO (high-silica) and less depleted low-SiO₂, MgO (low-silica and ultralow-silica) boninitic compositions. The genetic conditions of 1346 °C at 0.58 GPa and 1292 °C at 0.69 GPa for the low- and ultralow-silica boninite magmas lie on adiabatic melting paths of depleted mid-ocean ridge basalt mantle with a potential temperature of 1430 °C in Ogasawara and of 1370 °C in Guam, respectively. This is consistent with the model that the low- and ultralow-silica boninites were produced by remelting of the residue of the protoarc basalt during the forearc spreading immediately following the subduction initiation. In contrast, the genetic conditions of 1428 °C and 0.96 GPa for the high-silica boninite magma is reconciled with the ascent of more depleted harzburgitic source which pre-existed below the Izu-Ogasawara-Mariana forearc region before the subduction started. Mixing calculations based on the Pb-Nd-Hf isotopic data for the Mariana protoarc basalt and boninites support the above remelting model for the (ultra)low-silica boninite and the discrete harzburgite source for the high-silica boninite. Yb-Os isotopic modeling of the high-Si boninite source indicates 18-30 wt% melting of the primitive upper mantle at 1.5-1.7 Ga, whereas the source mantle of the protoarc basalt, the residue of which became the source of the (ultra)low-Si boninite, experienced only 3.5-4.0 wt% melt depletion at 3.6-3.1 Ga, much earlier than the average depleted mid-ocean ridge basalt mantle with similar degrees of melt depletion at 2.6-2.2 Ga.

Keywords: boninite, mantle heterogeneity, Ogasawara forearc, Mariana forearc, ancient slab recycle, Pb-Nd-Hf isotopes, Re-Os model age, depleted mid-ocean ridge basalt mantle

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